Characterization of livestock-based farming systems in tribal areas of Odisha

Characterization of existing farming systems in tribal areas of Odisha was undertaken during 2017 and 18 to identify the pre-dominant components and farming systems. Based on the highest contribution of enterprize to total income, different systems were identified. From each identified system, 240 samples were selected randomly proportional to size. The result revealed that 3 farming systems, namely cattle, goat and pig-based farming systems. These 3 systems were categorized into 7 sub-systems, namely cattle + crop (25.41%), cattle + crop + goat + poultry (13.75%), goat + crop + cattle + poultry (25%), goat + crop (18.75%), goat + crop + poultry (8.75%), pig + crop (4.16%), and pig + crop + cattle + poultry (4.16%). The herd size of cattle, goat and pig was high under respective farming systems. The highest operational area was 1.13 ha under cattle + crop + goat + poultry system. The result also indicated that the income was the highest under cattle + crop (44,129/HH/year) farming system.