Response of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) variety Pusa Arhar 16 to different row spacing and intercropping systems

The experiment was conducted at Students Research Farm, Khalsa College, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, during the rainy (kharif) season of 2020–21, to study the effect of different row spacing and intercropping systems on growth and yield of ‘Pusa Arhar 16’ pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]. Results showed that, number of branches/plant and yield attributes were significantly higher under 100 cm × 20 cm than in 50 cm × 20 cm, while the seed yield of pigeonpea (1.41 tonnes/ha) and pigeonpea-equivalent yield (1.78 tonnes/ha) were found significantly higher under narrow spacing 50 cm × 20 cm than wider spacing, i.e., 100 cm × 20 cm (1.02 and 1.33 tonnes/ha). Higher net returns (80.4 × 10³/ha) and benefit: cost (B: C) ratio (4.08) were recorded in 50 cm × 20 cm than in 75 cm × 20 cm (73.4 × 10³/ha and 3.84) and 100 cm × 20 cm (53.9 × 10³/ha and 3.10). Among the different intercropping systems, pigeonpea + pearlmillet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] fodder gave the maximum pigeonpea-equivalent yield of 1.85 tonnes/ha, being superior to 1.31 tonnes/ha in sole pigeonpea and 1.38 tonnes/ha of pigeonpea + fingermillet, while it was at par with pigeonpea + greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] (1.80 tonnes/ha). Pigeonpea + pearlmillet fodder fetched higher net returns (84.8 × 10³/ha) and B: C (4.25) ratio among the different intercropping systems.