Biochemical composition and fatty acid profile of some promising sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes

Evaluation of seventeen genotypes of sesame for various biochemical constituents exhibited wide variation in quality parameters viz. oil (41.91–53.36%), protein (16.20–26.59%), carbohydrates (10.65–24.17%), total sugars (5.01–12.04%), crude fibre (2.18–4.83%) and ash (4.20–6.88%) content. Genotypes IVT-10, AVT-01 and IVT-18 showed higher values for oil content, whereas genotypes RT-125, LTK-4 (IVT 04 R1 5–5) and RT-127 were found superior in seed protein content in that order. Variation in lignin and oxalate content was observed from 259 to 1726 mg/100g and 506 to1434mg/100g, respectively. Genotypes/varieties AVT-07, AVT-10, IVT-10 exhibited the highest value in lignin whereas Chandana, AVT-10 and AVT-01 showed the lowest value for oxalate content. The linoleic and oleic acids were main unsaturated fatty acids of sesame and constituted about 43 and 40% of total fatty acids, respectively. The palmitic acid was main saturated fatty acid (10%) followed by stearic acid present on an average upto 5.84%. Linolenic was found in very low quantity/traces. The genotypes AVT-07, IVT-10 and IVT-08 exhibited high linoleic acid in the seed oil as compared to other genotypes under study.