Biochemical Evaluation of Some Promising Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes

Significant variation in moisture, crude protein, oil, ash, crude fibre, carbohydrates, total sugars, limiting amino acids - methionine and tryptophan, in vitro protein digestibility and anti-nutritional factor viz. oxalate content of seventeen promising sesame genotypes were observed to range from 3.63 to 5.17%, 17.21 to 26.77%, 42.68 to 47.81%, 4.33 to 6.83%, 2.08 to 4.68%, 17.27 to 22.57%, 3.07 to 9.77%, 101.18 to 207.99 mg/g N, 51.36 to 83.07 mg/g N, 81.73 to 97.84% and 294 to 1067 mg/100 g, respectively. Evaluation of fatty acid profile revealed that linoleic and oleic acids were main unsaturated fatty acids of sesame to range from 32.06 to 42.53% and 41.49% to 50.00%, respectively. The palmitic and stearic acids were prominent saturated fatty acids, which varied from 8.45 to 12.54% and 3.73 to 8.19%, accordingly. However, linolenic acid was found in very low quantity or traces (0.21 to 0.37%). The study indicated that genotypes viz. Taansk-95-9 in moisture (exhibiting lowest value); TAC-89-309, Taansk-95-9 and PKDS-62 in crude protein; RT-346 in oil; AT-117 in ash; TKG-353 in crude fibre; AT-117 in carbohydrate and total sugars; MT-14-04 in methionine; TKG-22 in tryptophan; PKDS-52 for in vitro protein digestibility; TAC-89-309 in oxalate (with its lowest value) emerged promising genotypes in that order for individual quality trait. Besides, based on varietal rating taking into consideration performance of genotypes with regard to desirable quality attributes viz., crude protein, oil, methionine, tryptophan, in vitro protein digestibility, NQI (in descending order) and anti-nutritional factor-oxalate content (in ascending order) taken together, genotypes PKDS-52, TKG-22, TAC-89-309 and RT-54 were identified to be overall superior multipurpose genotypes.