Review of Dream Physiology

Since centuries man kind is curious about dream. Dream has given all type of emotions from sorrow, joy to enlightenment including some great discoveries. Man kind had considered dream as divine messages to curse. In last century Freud and many other psychologist and psychoanalysts has given good insight in theories of sleep and applied in psychotherapies. Even today some psychologists are using such theories in psychotherapy. With the advancement in poysomatographic recording and functional MRI scanning of brain,we know that dreams occur mainly during REM type of sleep. Majority of REM sleep is associated with dreams but we hardly remember them. If we wake up the volunteer during REM sleep, usually the subject will witness that he/she was in dream. Poysomatographic recording and functional MRI scanning recording during REM sleep and dream are same as person is awake and perform particular task. Only difference is person is not conscious and has no control over it. So so many questions are raising i.e. what is consciousness?, what are functions/purposes of dreams?. One thing is sure that if we remember dream the dream can have potential to do some impact on our life i.e. our emotions, thinking and behaviors/actions depending upon age, sex, genetic make ups, personally of an individual. The impact can be positive or negative. Though the majority of situation the effects are neutral. It has been suggested that the genetics determine neuronal connection of brain and the dream make variability in interconnections i.e. some connections are strengthen or weaken during dreams. And the variability/variation is basis of evolution. So dreams appears to be ultimately for evolutionary benefits and progress of human species. Recently lots of researches are going on lucid dream i.e. dreams are induced consciously and used for human potential development and progress. In near future more researches will reply the brain mechanics of dream. The dreams are very subjective in nature the dreams are still mysterious to us. In the article current concepts and various theories of dreams has been elaborated to facilitate researches on dreams.