Leucocyte and platelet counts in anaemic and non anaemic young female

Anaemia is most commonly occur in Indian female. This is mostly due to nutritional deficiency of iron, folic acid, zinc, and cooper. There is some relation between elevated leucocyte count and coronary heart disease, vascular disease. Recently neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (N/L ratio) emerge as an inflammatory index in ischaemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction (MI) and certain colon cancer. Decrease in platelet count increase bleeding tendency. It increase mortality and morbidity in population.

The goal of our study is to estimate leucocyte and platelet count in anaemic patients and estimate N/L ratio.

20 anaemic female (Hemoglobin (Hb) level less than 6gm% since 3 months)as a study group and 20 healthy female (Hb level more than 12gm%) as a control group. Age of both groups was between 20–30 years. All the female were instructed about study and written consent taken. History and clinical examination was done.

By using automated cell counter leucocyte and platelet count was done. Both total and differential leucocyte count (TLC and DLC) was done. Also N/L ratio was estimated. Statistical analysis was done by unpaired t test. P value less than 0.05 considered as a significant.

Hb concentration in patients of anaemia was 4.59±1.88 gm% compare to 13.62±1.10 gm% in control subjects which is statistically significant. TLC was insignificantly more in anaemic patients vs healthy subjects. On DLC in %, there was increment in neutrophil (P<0.01) and basophils (P<0.001), decrement in monocytes and eosinophils (P<0.001) without much alteration in lymphocytes count. Platelets was decreased in anaemic group (P<0.05). N/L ratio was significantly higher in anaemia vs controls.

Anaemia not significantly increase leucocyte count but significantly increase neutrophil count thus N/L ratio highly significantly increase and platelet count was significantly increase.