1Associate Professor, Department Of Physiology, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad
2Professor, Department Of Physiology, AMCMET Medical College, Ahmedabad
3Assistant Professor, Department of physiology, JNU Medical college, Jodhpur
Albuminuria is a well-known predictor of poor renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and in essential hypertension. Albuminuria has also been shown more recently to be a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in these populations. This review discusses the measurement of albuminuria and the association between albuminuria and adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
1280 type 2 diabetic patients attending a diabetes centre in civil hospital campus, Ahmadabad were recruited for the study. Urinary albumin concentration was measured by immune turbodimetric assay. Microalbuminuria was diagnosed if the urinary albumin excretion was >30 mg/g of creatinine.
Overall prevalence of microalbuminuria was 36.3% (95% confidence interval 33.8 to 38.9). The microalbuminuric patients had significantly increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to normoalbuminuric subjects (p<0.01). The prevalence of microalbuminuria increased with the increase in duration of diabetes.
The presence of albuminuria is a powerful predictor of renal and cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Physicians should measure urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension routinely and be as aggressive in treating this modifiable risk factor as they do blood pressure, cholesterol, or blood glucose.
Microalbuminuria, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Essential Hypertension
