1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
2AICRP on Sesame and Niger (ICAR), Kolkata Centre, Kolkata, India
3School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, Narendrapur Campus, Kolkata, 700103, India
*Corresponding author: adil_kol08@yahoo.co.in (ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7062-6928)
Online published on 22 March, 2019.
Sesame known to be the most ancient oilseed crop in the world and well recognized for good quality edible oil due its high PUFA content, antioxidant properties, excellent nutritional and medicinal properties. The present investigation aims at analyzing the genetic diversity of 205 genotypes for 8 morphological characters. Phenotypic coefficients of variation exhibited a bit higher values but maintained a close relation with genotypic variation and genotypic co-efficient of variation for all the traits, indicating low G×E interaction. A combination of high heritability (broad sense) and high genetic advance indicate preponderance of additive gene action which is fixable. Additive gene action was prominent for the traits like no of capsules/plant, seed yield/plant, and primary branches/plant. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on agro-morphological traits results revealed that the inter cluster distance in most cases was larger indicating wider diversity among the germplasm of different groups. The maximum inter cluster distance was found between clusters V and III, followed by clusters V and II, clusters VI and II. The principal component analysis revealed that capsule number and 1000-seed weight had a strong relation with seed yield, suggesting the need for more emphasis on these components for increasing the seed yield in sesame.
Genotypes were significant for all traits as revealed from ANOVA.
Highest PCV was recorded by capsules per plant followed by number primary branches/plant and seed yield per plant.
Hierarchical cluster analysis based on agro morphological traits revealed that the inter cluster distance in most cases was larger indicating wider diversity among the germplasm of different groups
The characters contributing maximum divergence need greater emphasis for deciding on the clusters for the purpose of selection of parents in the respective cluster for hybridization and parents for hybridization should be selected from cluster having high intercluster distance like between cluster V and III or II.
The PCA revealed that emphasis should be given to the traits like 1000 seed weight, branches/plant, plant height and capsules/plant during selection programme.
Genetic variability, hierarchical clustering, principal components, seed yield, sesame
