Influence of Cattle Breeds-Specific Bio-Formulations on Soybean Phenology

The present experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2022 and 2023 at Zero Budget Natural Farm (ZBNF), Department of Organic Agriculture and Natural Farming, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur. The soil of the experimental field was silty clay loam, slightly acidic in nature (5.76), low in available nitrogen (230.5 kg/ha) and medium in available phosphorus (15.8 kg/ha) and potassium (220.6 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in RBD design with 3 replications viz. bio- formulations prepared with inputs of seven different cattle breed viz Indigenous cow (Pahari) lactating, Indigenous cow (Pahari) dry, Indigenous cow (Sahiwal) lactating, Indigenous cow (Sahiwal) dry, Exotic cow (Jersey) lactating, Exotic cow (Jersey) dry, Indigenous bull (Pahari). Results showed that the application of bio-formulations prepared from inputs of Indigenous cow (Pahari) dry resulted in the least days to initiation of first floral bud, days to initiation of first flower, days to initiation of first pod and days to first pod maturity.