Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition

UGC CARE (Group 1)
  • Year: 2013
  • Volume: 30
  • Issue: 1

Trace and heavy metal content in diets and their effect on the growth and survival of Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens

  • Author:
  • Sagar C. Mandal1,, S.K. Singh1, Pronob Das2, Debtanu Barman3, Sanjay K. Gupta4
  • Total Page Count: 7
  • DOI:
  • Page Number: 80 to 86

1College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University (I), Lembucherra, Tripura (W), India

2Central Inland Fisheries research Institute (ICAR), Guwahati Centre, Assam, India

3Center for Aquaculture Research & Development, St. Xavier's Vocational Training Center, Don Bosco, Bishramganj, Tripura, India

4Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research (DCFR), Champawat Field Station, India

Abstract

Three hundred one month old Betta splendens fry (mean weight 0.141g±0.02) were equally distributed in five groups, each with three replicates in 35-L glass aquaria. The five groups were; control (C)-Tubifex (live food); T1-formulated feed (FF); T2-FF+0.01% vitamin E; T3-FF+1% eicosapentaenoic acid (EFA)+docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and T4-FF+0.01% vitamin E+1% EPA+DHA and the experiment continued for 126 days. Highest (P<0.05) average body weight and survival was observed in C and T2 group, respectively. Highest zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) concentration in diets and muscle were recorded in C and T1 groups, respectively. Control group recorded highest selenium (Se) in diet and muscle. Highest copper (Cu) in diet and in fish muscle was measured in T1 and C group, respectively. Highest iron (Fe) content in diet and muscle was recorded in C and T4 group, respectively. Highest (P<0.05) cobalt (Co) in diet and fish muscle was found in C group. Highest cadmium (Cd) in fish muscle was recorded in T4 group but did not differ from T3 group. Highest liver weight was measured in C group. So, observing all factors, present study concludes that live food exhibited the best growth and diet added with vitamin E (T2) showed the highest survival, compared to the diets enriched with EPA+DHA.

Keywords

Betta splendens, EPA/DHA, heavy metals, growth and survival