Down syndrome: A literature review

The purpose of this review is to provide the latest information on Down syndrome. The author conducted a literature search of available sources describing the issue of down syndrome with special focus on syndrome and made a comparison and evaluation of relevant findings. The results of this review indicate that Down syndrome (DS) is one of the commonest disorders with huge medical and social cost. DS is associated with number of phenotypes including congenital heart defects, leukemia, Alzeihmer’s disease, Hirschsprung disease etc. DS individuals are affected by these phenotypes to a variable extent thus understanding the cause of this variation is a key challenge. In the present review article, we emphasize an overview of DS, DS-associated phenotypes diagnosis and management of the disease.