Cardioprotective Potential of Fucoidan, Vanillic Acid and its Combination in Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated Zebrafish using Notch Signaling Pathway

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in its 2022 report, has mentioned that nearly 6,97,000 death/year due to heart diseases in U.S. In low- and middle-income countries >75% deaths occur due to cardiovascular disease (CVDs). Also, natural derived compounds have emerged as promising cardioprotective agents due to their diverse mechanisms of action and potential to mitigate CVDs. Notch signalling pathway plays a key role in heart tissue repair and regeneration during or after CVDs situation mitigated by fucoidan (F), vanillic acid (VA) and its combination (FVA) were studied in this work.

In the present study, we investigated the cardioprotective properties of F, VA and its combination (FVA) in LPS-induced zebrafish embryo-larvae (ZFEL) through notch signaling pathway by determining the survival, heart rate (HR), nitric oxide (NO), immunofluorescence and protein expression.

The LPS stimulated ZFEL showed increase in mortalities, reduction in HR, elevated in NO expression, upregulation of NICD, Notch signaling protein (Notch1, Delta1, Hey1 and Hes1) expression as compared to control group. The post treatment (PT) of F, VA and FVA showed remarkably improved LPS-induced survival rate, HR, NO, reduced NICD and downregulation of Notch signaling protein was reported in post treated group. In summary, our findings revealed that combination of FVA showed a promising cardioprotective potential via notch signaling pathway modulation in LPS stimulated ZFEL and can be utilized as alternative for synthetic drug treatment.