Fatty Acid Profiling among Samba Mahsuri Mutants (Rice) by Gas Chromatography

Rice is one of the most important crops worldwide, both as a staple food and as a model system for genomic research. Samba Mahsuri (BPT 5204) is a mega variety in India. A large population was developed and phenotyped leading to identifying mutants of varied agro-morphological, physiological and yield traits. The screening of the nutritional importance of mutants to identify the fatty acid composition and the total content of fatty acid will be the source for further studies. Rice contains bran, from which rice bran oil is obtained, contains both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Generally Monounsaturated fatty acids, Polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA) are found in rice in higher concentrations than saturated fatty acids (SFA).

In this study around 22 promising mutants along with the wild type Samba Mahsuri were selected and screened for fatty acid composition by Gas Chromatography. Due to high resolution of effective capillary columns multiple components were separated from each sample. Among the 22 mutants Sb-87 has showed high saturated fatty acid content, high unsaturated fattyacid content, high polyunsaturated fatty acid content, high mono unsaturated fatty acid content, than compared to Samba Mahsuri (wild type).

The mutant Ti-20 has shown lowest in saturated fatty acid content, unsaturated fatty acid content, mono unsaturated fatty acid content and polyunsaturated fatty acid content. After Sb-87, Ti-35, Ti-10, Ti-3, Ti-8 and Ti-113 has shown good results for fattyacid content, saturated fattyacid content, unsaturated fatty acid content, polyunsaturated fattyacid content, Linoleic acid and Linolenic acid content.