Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
SCOPUSWeb of Science
  • Year: 2026
  • Volume: 60
  • Issue: 8

Estimation of Some Genetic Parameters of Different Genotypes of Maize Crop (Zea mays L.) under the Influence of Phosphate Fertilization

  • Author:
  • Muhamed A.K. AL-Abody1,*, Fatimah A. Jamel1, Taghreed M.K. Al-Farjawi2
  • Total Page Count: 8
  • Page Number: 1181 to 1188

1Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq

2Date Palm Research Center, University of Basrah, Iraq

*Corresponding Author: Muhamed A.K. AL-Abody, Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq. Email: mohammad.kalaf@uobasrah.edu.iq

Abstract

Maize crop is an important field crop, but its productivity is affected by the genetic factor (Genotypes) and the differences between them and their response to phosphate fertilization levels. Adding phosphate fertilizer contributes to improving growth efficiency and production, which necessitates conducting a genetic evaluation of Maize Genotypes under phosphate fertilization conditions.

Field experiment was carried out in the fall of 2023 in the Shatt Al-Arab district (Al-Hawta) in the east of Basrah Governorate in soil with a clay texture , in order to estimate certain genetic traits of maize crop genotypes (Rezer, Jemeson, Bohoth-106 and Baghdad-3) and their response to phosphate fertilizer (0, 120 and 240) kg P ha-1, The treatments were applied in accordance with factorial type in three replications by randomized complete block design (RCBD). The different genotypes were randomly distributed within each block and agriculture was carried out on 20/8/2023.

The analysis of genetic, environmental and phenotypic variances in grain yield were 0.132642, 0.00163 and 0.134272, respectively. The heritability degree was 98.78% and the phenotypic and genetic difference coefficients were 7.992387 and 7.943727%, respectively. The results of the hierarchical cluster analysis also displayed the amount of genetic convergence between the genotypes Bohoth-106 and Baghdad-3 amounted to 216.449, which is the closest genetically between them and that the higher amount of genetic dimension was between the genotypes Rezer and Baghdad-3 amounted to 4282.256 and between the genotypes Rezer and Jemeson amounted to 1025.178, which can be used in hybridization to highlight the strength of the hybrid. While the genetic-distance between the genotype Jemeson and Bohoth-106 were 363.817, the genetic stability analysis showed that the genotype Baghdad-3 (G4) is the ideal genotype due to its high yield and genetic stability.

Keywords

Cluster analysis, GGE-biplot analysis, Heritability, Maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes, Variations