Distribution of buddhism in the world and in Central Asia

The article describes the emergence of Buddhism, Buddhist mythology and written sources, four noble truths, the eightfold path, the most important categories of Buddhism, the main trends in Buddhism: Mahayana, Hinayana, Lamaism, the spread of Buddhism in the world and in Central Asia and regional features of Buddhism. The article analyzes the chain of causal occurrence of evil, the Buddha taught, consists of 12 members: the suffering of life is due to birth; birth-the pursuit of life; the pursuit of being-mental attachment to objects; attachment to objects-thirst, desire for things; thirst-by sensory perception; sensory experience-sensual contact with objects; sensual contact by the six organs of knowledge; six organs of knowledge-the embryonic period of development of an organism consisting of mind and body; the embryo cannot develop without the original consciousness; the original consciousness is conditioned by the impressions of the past life; these impressions are due to the twelfth link of the chain-ignorance of the truth. The article explores the noble eightfold path of the Buddha: Right views. Since ignorance and its consequences are the root cause of human suffering, for moral perfection one must first of all have the right views, i.e. to know the truth. The right views are the right understanding of the four noble truths; Proper determination. Knowledge of truths is useless without the determination to transform one's life in accordance with noble truths; Right speech. Proper determination should not remain just “religious desire”, but should be translated into action; The correct behavior. The right determination not only produces the right speech, but is also embodied in the right action. The correct behavior is to refuse to destroy the living, to steal, from improper sense gratification; Correct lifestyle; The right direction of thought. A person must constantly remember what has already been learned. He should never think: “this is me” or “this is mine”; Proper concentration. A person who correctly conducts his life according to the indicated rules is freed from all passions and evil thoughts and goes through four stages of concentration that lead him to the cessation of suffering.