Climate change and National Security: Geopolitical Implications of Environmental Degradation on Bangladesh

Climate change has become a substantial national security problem with considerable geopolitical ramifications for Bangladesh. Bangladesh, as a highly climate-vulnerable nation, confronts increasing sea levels, extreme weather phenomena, and resource scarcity, all of which intensify socio-economic fragility and internal instability. This paper examines the convergence of climate change, national security, and geopolitical dynamics, highlighting how environmental degradation exacerbates existing vulnerabilities and cultivates regional tensions. The study emphasises significant security problems, such as climate-induced displacement, food and water shortages, and the intensification of transboundary water conflicts with India. The arrival of displaced persons in metropolitan areas leads to overcrowding, unemployment, and social unrest, hence straining governing systems. Moreover, unresolved water-sharing accords concerning rivers like as the Teesta and Ganges exacerbate geopolitical tensions, potentially undermining regional peace. The research analyses Bangladesh's climate adaptation strategies, including the Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 and the National Adaptation Plan, highlighting issues pertaining to governance, financial limitations, and regional collaboration. Research indicates that Bangladesh should include climate risks into national security frameworks, improve regional water diplomacy, and bolster resilience via sustainable urban and rural development. Moreover, obtaining international climate funds and promoting global collaboration are essential for mitigating climate-related security risks. This research highlights the pressing necessity for an integrated strategy that connects environmental sustainability with national and regional security frameworks to alleviate the extensive impacts of climate change on Bangladesh's stability and geopolitical position.