Haematological Indices and Splenic Histo-Architecture of Wstar Rat Treated with Aniline: Supplementary Role of Moringa oleifera Leave Extracts

Chemical industries manufacturing dyes, pigments, herbicides, explosives, rubbers and fungicides uses aniline as a raw material. Aniline is a toxic amine that affects the body organs especially hematopoietic organs. The aim of this study was to investigate the rejuvenating attributes of methanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera [MO] leaves on haematological parameters and histomorphology of spleen subjected to aniline [AH] in wistar rats. Thirty adult male wistar rats weighing 160-200g were used for this research work. The rats were randomly divided into five groups [A-E] of six rats each. Group A which served as control were given 1.5 ml/kg body weight of normal saline, group B were given 1 mmol/kg b. wt. of AH, Group C were given 2 mmol/kg b. wt. of AH, Group D were given 1mmol/kg b. wt. of AH and MO [300mg/Kg body weight/day] and Group E were given 2mmol/kg of AH and MO [300mg/Kg body weight/day]. All administration was done orally [a dose/day] for a period of 7 days. The weights of rats and spleen were measured and the histology of the spleen was assessed. Selected haematological indices; Blood erythrocyte count [RBC] count, white blood cell count [WBC], Heamoglobin [Hgb] and heamatocrit [HCT] were determined. An assessment of the histological profiles of the spleen in Groups B and C showed histopathologic expansion of splenic red pulp characterized by prominent vascular congestion [most pronounced at 2 mmol/kg], increased red pulp cellularity, and cellular fragmentation when compared to control but these was prevented in groups D and E due to MO administration. There was significant increase in WBC counts in groups B and C compared to the control and corresponding statistical significant decrease in RBC counts, Hgb and HCT in groups B and C compared to the control group but was almost back to normal in MO administered groups. It was concluded that the administration of MO could possibly ameliorate the toxicity of aniline on body organs especially the spleen thereby preventing splenomegaly and splenic hyperplasia.