1Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
2School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
3Department of Disasters and Emergency Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4Department Emergency Medicine, Head of Emergency Unit and Coordiinator of Emergency Unit, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
5Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
6Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
7Amhara Regional Health Office, North Wollo Zone Health Department, Harbu District, Woldia, Ethiopia
8Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural & Computational Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
The prevalence e of HIV is contributing the increasing morbbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa region. B Blood transfusion can be a life-saving interv ention. But it can also causes acute or delayed com mplication and may bring the risk of trannsfusion–transmissible infections (TTIs) including HIV. The aim of this review was to summarize the current literature on trends of HIV Sero-status among blood donors in Sub-Saharan Africa.
We searched peer-reviewed published articles on trends of HIV Sero among blood donors in Sub-Saharan Africa from March 2009 to June 2016. The articles were retrieved from databases of PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Google Scholar, MEDLINES, EMBASE and Science Direct.
About 24.7 million HIV cases were reported in 2014 in Sub-Saharan Africa region, which constitutes almost three-fourth of the total HIV cases globally with a prevalence rate of 4.7% and being Southern Sub-Saharan region the most prevalent. In the region with only 12% of the global population, blood safety as a result of the possible risk of infection from TTIs agents are the main threats during a blood transfusion. The cause of 0.1–7.9% of HIV infection is due to infected blood transfusion and 4.7–18.6% of patients are at risk of developing post-transfusion HBV after blood transfusion, which can assure the occurrence of other various diseases in relation to blood donation in the community.
The seropositivity of blood donors are the main threat of safe blood due to a high prevalence of TTIs, lack of public awareness about the infections, level of education, use of rigorous donor selection criteria and exclusion of those with clinical and theoretical risks of carrying infectious agents and use of less sensitive screening. The trends of TTIs agents among blood donors should be assessed in every country to ensure the safety of blood supply and the efficiency of donor screening.
Blood Donors, HIV, Serum, Sub-Saharan Africa, Transfusion-transmissible infections, Trends
