Impact of Conservation Tillage on Soil Properties for Agricultural Sustainability: A Review

The impact of conservation tillage (CT) on soil health and its implications for achieving agricultural sustainability are of paramount importance in modern agriculture. Conservation tillage practices, such zero and reduced tillage, mulch tillage, ridge tillage, and contour tillage have gained significant attention for their potential to enhance soil health while mitigating adverse environmental effects. CT technologies are known to improve soil health in several ways. These practices reduce soil disturbance, preserving soil structure and preventing erosion. By leaving crop residues on the field, CT enhances organic matter content, fostering microbial activity and nutrient cycling. This, facilitates to enhance soil health and productivity by improving soil physico-chemical and biological activities. The benefits of CT extend beyond soil health to broader agricultural sustainability. Reduced soil erosion and improved moisture retention contribute to enhanced resilience in the consequences of climate change. CT also reduces the need for fuel and equipment, leading to cost savings for farmers and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. The adoption of CT is a significant step toward a more sustainable and resilient agriculture system in the face of global challenges. The present study investigates the influence of CT on soil health for achieving agricultural sustainability.