Crop Plants as Renewable Resources for Biofuel Production

The reserve of fossil fuel is depleting fast, reflected by the decline in peak use. Biofuel is environment friendly, renewable and energy efficient alternative of fossil fuels. Agricultural crops provide a renewable resource for biofuel, but conversion of food crops in biofuel products threatens food security. First generation biofuel crops like sugarcane and maize are though major contributors in biofuel production, their use is considered to lower in near future with increased cultivation of next generation biofuel crops. Dual purpose biofuel crops would be crucial for maximization of bioenergy harvest and utilization. A short account of different biofuel crops is presented, which will help in selection of suitable biofuel crops for cultivation as per industrial demand. Adoption of policies for increased consumption of biofuel is crucial for environmental security and sustainable fuel energy production.