Conservation Agriculture and its Impact on Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties of Soil: A Review

The growing global population and climate change demand more food to be produced in an environment in which the quality of natural resources is declining and our environment is increasingly variable as well. Due to its influence on soil properties, soil tillage is regarded as one of the fundamental agrotechnical operations in agriculture. It is essential to apply tillage practices that avoid soil degradation, maintain crop yield, and ensure ecosystem stability. The practice of conservation agriculture, which practices agriculture in a way that minimizes damage to the environment, is being advocated on a large scale throughout the world. Conservation agriculture is primarily focused on soil health, plant growth, and environmental protection. The purpose of this paper is to review the work done on conservation agriculture to evaluate its impact on the soil, the crop, and the environment. Research reports have shown that conservation tillage offers several advantages over conventional tillage with regard to soil physical, chemical and biological properties. The largest contribution of CA to reducing emissions from farming activities is made by the reduction of tillage operations.

Conservation agriculture is an important practice under changing climate scenario.

CA affects physical properties of soil.

Conservation agriculture also affect chemical and biological properties of soil.

For improved soil properties and to avoid land degradation CA is an important practice.