Performance Analysis of Compact Joule-Thomson Cryocooler Using Aspen-HYSYS Optimization Tool

The Joule-Thomson (JT) cryocooler is a critical technology for achieving cryogenic temperatures in compact and reliable systems. The JT cryocooler cools via gas expansion through a throttle valve, enabling cooling without moving parts. This study focuses on the design, cooling capacity, and temperature stability of a compact JT cryocooler. The working fluid, Helium4, is compressed, precooled via recuperators and two-stage coolers to 20.95K, and expanded through a JT valve, achieving 25 mW cooling at 4.5K at the cold tip. Optimization using Aspen-HYSYS evaluates the effects of parameters such as mass flow rate, pressure ratio, and cooling stage temperatures on the performance of the JT cryocooler. The study identifies an optimal pressure ratio of 14 and a coefficient of performance of 0.0054. These findings provide valuable insights into the miniaturization of JT cryocoolers and the development of hybrid JT-Stirling systems for improved performance.