Prospects for improving the technology readiness level of cryogenic carbon capture

Carbon capture, utilization, sequestration, storage and transport (CCUSST) has been adopted to mitigate climate change caused by global warming. Cryogenic carbon capture (CCC) has been shown to give high CO₂ recovery rate, without any additives, and moreover, it can achieve both capture and sequestration of CO₂. CCC has been found to be the most economical in handling feed gas with high CO₂ concentration (>80%). However, there is a general reservation regarding the cost of adapting CCC since the process involves refrigeration for CO₂ separation. To overcome this reluctance towards adaptation of CCC, we need to benchmark this method against the popular and mature non-CCC techniques. In this work, we have reviewed different CC techniques with their technology readiness level (TRL) to assess the factors that impedes their commercial acceptance. We have analyzed the challenges of implementing CCC in light of the cost of capture, technological challenges, and policies.