A study of 25 hydroxy cholecalciferol levels across different seasons in first time presenting acute myocardial infarction patients from rural background

The main circulating form of vitamin D in blood is 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH] D) has been known to be associated with the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Deficiency of 25[OH] D has been associated with cardiovascular risk and coronary artery disease. Therefore, it is of high importance to assess for 25(OH) D deficiency in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to initiate treatment at the earliest. The serum levels of 25(OH) D in AMI patients across different seasons are unclear.

The serum levels of 25(OH) D were assessed in 50 subjects presented with first time myocardial infarction to Cardiology departments of SVS Medical College& Hospital. Patients were enrolled throughout the year of 2017 and their serum samples were analyzed using the TOSOH AIA 360. Group 1 consisted study period from February to May. Group 2 consisted study period from June to September. From October to December including January of 2017 considered as winter, named Group 3. Based on the vitamin D status, subjects were classified as normal (≥ 30 ng/ml), insufficient (20–30 ng/ml) and deficient (≤ 20 ng/ml) groups.

Of the 50 enrolled patients, 60% were 25(OH) deficient and 18% were insufficient, for a total of 78% of patients with abnormally low 25 (OH)D levels. Vitamin D levels are statistically highly significant variation across the groups. (p = 0.0000533).

Our results suggested that the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency was high in AMI patients presented in winter and summer seasons as compared to that of rainy season.