Evaluation of Serum Urea and Creatinine in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Subjects

Diabetic nephropathy is a type of progressive kidney disease that may occur in people who have diabetes. It affects people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and risk increases with the duration of the disease and other risk factors like high blood pressure and a family history of kidney disease. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major causes of chronic renal failure. After many years of diabetes the delicate filtering system in the kidney becomes gradually destroyed, initially becoming leaky to larger blood proteins such as albumin which are then lost in the urine. Both serum urea and creatinine are widely used to assess the function of kidney. This study was conducted to establish relationship of blood sugar level with urea and creatinine levels, in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.

This study was conducted from June 2013 to February 2014 in Biochemistry Department of Nalanda Medical College, Patna.100 diabetic samples and 50 control samples were analyzed for serum urea, creatinine and sugar.

21 out of 100 diabetes samples have high urea level whereas 13 out of 100 had increased creatinine level. In control 7 out of 50 samples had high urea value and 8 out of 50 samples had high creatinine level.

There was statistical significant increased in urea level with increased in blood sugar level (p<0.0001).

Strong relationship of blood urea level was found with blood sugar level. To monitor the diabetes patients, estimation of blood urea level along with blood sugar level could be important.