An Observational and Cross-sectional Study of Different Clinical Spectrum of Hypothyroidism in a Tertiary Care Centre of bihar

Hypothyroidism is characterised by reduced synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by the gland that results in an underactive thyroid gland. The prevalence of hypothyroidism among Indian adult population was found to be around 10% and subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be prevalent among 8% of the population. So, it is important to understand the clinical presentation of the disease. The present study aims to explore various clinical signs and symptoms of patients with hypothyroidism in Sadar hospital Jamui Bihar.

This was a cross sectional study in a Sadar hospital, Jamui among 150 patients who were come for various reasons and found to have hypothyroidism on laboratory investigations. With help of specialists in various fields all the patients were evaluated thoroughly and findings of the history and examination were noted down. Data was entered in Microsoft excel. Means, proportions and percentage were calculated using Microsoft excel.

Out of 150 hypothyroid patients, 118 (78.67%) were females, with female: male ratio of approximately 3.7: 1. 137 (91.33%) patients were suffering from primary hypothyroidism which was most common and 13 (6%) patients had sub clinical hypothyroidism. Commonest clinical symptom of the hypothyroid patients was fatigue 125 (83.33%) and weight gain 99 (66%) while dry/coarse skin 78 (52%) and voice change76 (50.67%) was most common clinical signs.

This study showed that fatigue and weight gain was the commonest symptom while dry skin and voice change was the commonest clinical sign.