Aetiopathogenesis and Management of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome a - Review

Pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma were once thought of as rare secondary open angle glaucoma; these are now recognized as a common primary conditions. The hallmark of the disease is loss of pigment from the iris and pigment deposition throughout the anterior segment, which characterize this disease. Consequently, Krukenberg spindles, iris trans-illumination defects and trabecular meshwork pigmentation are some of the distinctive features. A PubMed search was carried out for the terms pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma. In this article, we discuss its epidemiology and pathogenesis and describe the evolving knowledge on the disease entity. The role of miotics, laser peripheral iridotomy, laser trabeculoplasty and trabeculectomy in the management are also discussed. Treatment controversies are highlighted and recent efforts to explain sequence of events in pigment dispersion syndrome are reviewed.