Determinants and reasons perceived by farmers for livestock rearing in drylands

Livestock farming plays a crucial role in India’s agriculture and economy. An analysis of the determinants of livestock farming in India and Karnataka was conducted using multiple regression and binary logistic regression models. The net sown area, net irrigated area, and average monthly income from agriculture were significant factors influencing livestock farming in India. Training, farm size, and family size were identified as key factors affecting the adoption of livestock. Training and family size had a positive impact, while farm size showed a negative influence. Specifically, the odds ratio of 0.239 indicated that larger farm sizes decreased the likelihood of adopting livestock. Farmers reported that livestock are primarily kept for economic reasons, including increasing household income, serving as a liquidity reserve, and supporting family-based livelihood practices. Policy support, training programs, and improved access to resources are essential enablers that can promote livestock adoption in these regions. These measures could help strengthen the role of livestock farming in enhancing rural incomes and sustaining agricultural livelihoods.