1Directorate of Education of Kerbala, Ministry of Education, Iraq
2Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kerbala, 56001, Karbala, Iraq
4College of Pharmacy, Al Mustaqbal University
6Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Applied Sciences, University of Kerbala, 56001, Karbala, Iraq
7Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care techniques, Faculty of Al-Taff College, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
8Babylon Education Directorate, Ministry of Education, Iraq
*Email: almosawy2014@gmail.com (corresponding author)
Online Published on 17 December, 2025.
The current study isolated and diagnosed pathogenic bacteria Salmonella from the domestic population of Musca domestica L collected from surrounding environments and overlapping with residential areas in Thi-Qar province. Thirty samples of Salmonella were isolated and diagnosed from 360 samples collected from markets, houses and hospitals of Thi-Qar provaince. The highest incidence of bacteria from external surface was during May and July (10.5%), while the lowest incidence was during January, February and November. This diagnosis was confirmed by a confirmatory test (API. 20) and the same diagnostic ratio given. All isolates were examined for their resistance to antibiotics which revealed that 46.6% of isolated Salmonella are resistant to nalidalic acid (86.7%), gentamicin (30%), amoxicillin (26.7%), norfloxacin and ampicillin (23.3 %). Diagnosed isolates were subjected to PCR, and this led to diagnosis of InvA gene in Salmonella.
Salmonella Spp., Ampicillin, Norfloxacin, Bacterial, Musca domestica, Adults, PCR, InvA Gene, Kirbery-Bauer, Antibiotics, Resistance
