1Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher and Training Education, Tadulako University, Palu City, Indonesia
*Email: masrianihismail67@gmail.com (corresponding author)
Online Published on 18 February, 2026.
This study aims to identify the diversity of pollinating bees, measure the activity of pollinating bee visits, and measure the role of pollinating bees in fruit formation in cucumber Cucumis sativus. The pollinator species with the highest to lowest abundance were Xylocopa confusa (464 individuals, 35.83%), Ceratina cognata (356 individuals, 27.49%), Apis cyrtandrae (251 individuals, 19.38%), Megachile unbripennis (56 individuals, 4.32%), Apis cerana (44 individuals, 3.40%), Megachile fulfifrons (38 individuals, 2.93%), Apis burnensis (36 individuals, 2.78%), Megachile conjuncta (20 individuals, 1.54%), Xylocopa latipes (20 individuals, 1.54%), and Xylocopa caerulea (10 individuals, 0.77%). Total species and individuals were highest in the morning from 07.00-09.00 WITA (10 species, 548 individuals), which decreased in the afternoon (9 species, 480 individuals) and became the least in the afternoon from 13.00-16.00 WITA (8 species, 267 individuals).
Apidae, Carpenter bee, Central Sulawesi, Conservation, Diversity, Identification, Indonesia, Insect, Pollination, Taxonomiy, Population dynamics
