1Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
2Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia Ministry of Agriculture, Indonesia
3Ministry of Agriculture, Republic of Indonesia
*E-mail: hasnawati.amqam@unhas.ac.id
Online published on 30 August, 2019.
Persistent Organic Pesticides have been banned for decades. Nevertheless, they are still being detected in environmental matrices. This study aimed to investigate the existence of some POPs in farmer blood and crops in Pati Regency, Indonesia. Blood samples from 59 farmers were monitored. This study revealed the existence of lindane residue mostly in chillis, heptachlor and aldrin with the highest level in shallots, dieldrin mainly in red peppers, endosulfan in cucumber, and DDT in shallots. Heptachlor, aldrin, dieldrin, and DDT were detected in farmer blood with average concentration of 4.48, 3.79, 8.70, 4.81 ng.g−1, respectively. In conclusion, concentration of ∑POPs in crops ranged from 11.5 to 802.4 ng.g−1 and from ND to 123.9 ng.g−1 in blood. In Indonesia, very little human biomonitoring data on toxic chemical are available. This study suggested the main pathways of exposure of farmers to POPs were through contaminated vegetable intake and directly through POPs application.
Persistent organic pesticides, Crop residue, Farmer exposure, Agricultural product
