Population dynamics and seasonal occurrence of mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata wiedemann, 1824) in moulouya perimeter north east of Morocco

In Morocco, The Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly) Ceratitis capitata is largely an established pest and causes damage to a number of host plants and it is of phyto-sanitary concern (trade barriers) for Citrus exportation. The objective of this research is the monitoring of the fluctuations of Medfly population in citrus orchards and other host plants using male traps. The study was conducted from 2016 to 2018 in eight localities (Lamriss, Slimania, Zegzel, Aklim, Chouihia, Tzayesset, Urban backyards and Reggada) representing the main fruit production areas of Moulouya Perimeter. The results showed significant differences between patterns of medfly population's occurrence, in some localities during three-year period of monitoring. Captures occurred continuously from early April to late November with variability between years. Moreover, Five main periods of high fly activity were distinguished: the first period occurred in April late, the second in early June, the third in the August late, the fourth occurred in September late and early October and the last one in early November mainly in clementine orchards. Our findings suggest that the Medfly has a year around presence in fruit orchards and urban backyards. The highest captures were observed in the traps hung in argan, fig and jujube trees. The fruits showed different rates of infestation and variable numbers of larvae in fruits. The highest means of larvae per fruit were recorded in oriental persimmon, avocado, argan, bitter orange, pomegranate and clementine.