Spreading of Alternaria spp. in mycoflora of winter wheat seeds in north-east of Ukraine

The article deals with the abiotic and biotic factors which influence the dynamic system of wheat seed mycoflora. The study of seed-born fungi in the north-east of Ukraine showed the dominance of a genus of fungi, Alternaria. The diagnosis of species according to the peculiarities of colony growth on potato-carrot environment and the structure of conidial sporulation, 5 kinds of fungi were discovered (A. tenuissima (Nees et T. Nees: Fr.), A. alternata (Fr.) Keissl. A. infectoria, A. arborescens and A. avenicola E.G. Simmons, Kosiak & Kwasna). A. arborescens (37.4%) was the most common species among those identified. PCR analysis of experimental survey confirmed the dominance of this species in the north-east of Ukraine. The investigation of the spreading of the genus of Alternaria proved their placing in five regions from the north to the south with the largest amount of fungi in the northern territories. It can be concluded that the presence of Alternaria species varied depending on the place of sampling and the year of study.