Premonsoon groundwater trends for Nanjangud taluk, India: A spatio-temporal analysis

Groundwater is a crucial natural resource that plays a vital role in providing drinking water and supporting various industries and ecosystems. The study investigates the trends in premonsoon groundwater levels in southern Karnataka state, focusing on understanding fluctuations before the monsoon season (Jan-May). The analysis reveals a predominant decreasing trend in groundwater levels, with varying rates of decline observed across monitoring wells. The spatial distribution of groundwater trends was analysed by statistical methods and IDW tool of GIS software. More than 46% of the studied region indicated a declining trend and falling from south-east to eastern parts between 2003 and 2019. The output results contribute to a comprehensive understanding of premonsoon groundwater dynamics and their implications for water resource management by analyzing decadal fluctuations in groundwater depths.