Indian Journal of Ecology

This study investigates the adoption of Resource-Conserving Technologies (RCTs) in Punjab’s agriculture, focusing on paddy-wheat and cotton-wheat cropping systems. Despite the environmental and economic advantages of RCTs, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions, improved soil health, and efficient resource use, adoption rates in Punjab remain uneven. The research identifies key barriers to RCT adoption, including high costs of machinery, inappropriate sowing moisture, and limited crop residue management practices. Data collected from 120 farmers across two districts, Mansa and Sri Muktsar Sahib reveals significant gaps, particularly in the cotton-wheat system where adoption is notably low. The study employs a Resource Conservation Index (RCI) to quantify the extent of RCT adoption and utilizes Garrett’s ranking technique to evaluate the problems faced by farmers. Findings indicate that while paddy-wheat farmers show moderate to high adoption levels, cotton-wheat farmers lag behind. To enhance RCT adoption, the study recommends financial incentives, increased availability of machinery, and greater awareness about the benefits of crop residue management. Addressing these barriers is crucial for advancing sustainable agriculture in Punjab and ensuring the long-term viability of its farming systems.