Phenotypic Trends and Evaluation of Economic Traits in Surti Buffaloes under Organized Farm

The study evaluated the effect of non-genetic factors, including age, season, period, and parity, on economic traits in Surti buffaloes. Data from 391 buffaloes under the Network Project on Buffalo Improvement (Surti) at LRS, Vallabhnagar, Udaipur (RAJUVAS, Bikaner), were analysed over a 30-year period (1993-2023), encompassing 868 lactation records. Age had a non-significant effect on TMY, TMY_305, LL, CI, DP, and ADMY_LL but significantly influenced LPY and ADMY_CI. Season significantly affected all economic traits, with the highest production observed during winter (November to February). The period of calving had a significant influence on all economic traits, with the highest performance recorded during the first period (1993-1997). Parity significantly affected LPY and ADMY_LL. A declining trend in economic traits was observed up to the sixth period (2018-2023), indicating a need for improved management strategies to sustain productivity.