Socio-economic conditions of women labour households in rural Punjab

The present study reveals that the socio-economic conditions of the sampled women labourers are very miserable in the rural areas of Punjab. About three-fourth of the women labourers are illiterate and almost all the respondents either belong to the scheduled caste or the backward class categories. Majority of the respondents are living in semi-pucca houses and most of their houses are in dilapidated condition. The study further reveals that the average propensity to consume is more than one for an average sampled woman labour household. As a result, an average household in the sample incurs a deficit. The study reveals that a large majority, i.e., 94.38 per cent of the sampled women labour households are under debt in the rural areas of Punjab.