Dynamics of Community Based Tank Irrigation Systems in India: A Case Study of Andhra Pradesh

Dynamics of tank irrigation in both India and Andhra Pradesh were studies using secondary data. Recent trend showed a persistent and continuous decline in area under tank irrigation. The growth in tank irrigated area was negative at all India level and also for Andhra Pradesh. Erratic rainfall and lack of management of tanks are the major factors attributed to deceleration of tank irrigation. Further, most of tanks are under-utilized especially in Andhra Pradesh. The pattern and relationship of rainfall and acreage under tank irrigation in Andhra Pradesh are very strong and mimics throughout the study period. Predominantly, water guzzling crops viz. paddy, sugarcane besides maize and groundnut occupied space in tank command area in Andhra Pradesh. Small and marginal farmers are the major beneficiaries of tank irrigation. The appropriate mix of technology, policies and institutions with inclusive approach with participation of all stakeholders would not only increase the tank irrigated area and also sustainable management of tanks.