1Department of Extension Education, Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)-848125, India, Bihar
2Department of Extension Education, Institute of Agricultural Science, BHU, Varanasi-221005, U.P.
Online published on 27 April, 2020.
Makhana is grown in stagnant perennial water bodies like ponds, land depressions, jheel, swamps, ditches or wetlands having stagnant shallow water (4–6 ft) which are of perennial in nature. In India, its production is spread over in the states of Bihar, West Bengal, Manipur, Tripura, Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Eastern Odisha and Uttar Pradesh for its starchy white edible seeds. The state of Bihar has the monopoly in Makhana production, the districts of Darbhanga, Madhubani, Saharsa, Katihar, Purnea, Supaul, Kishanganj, Araria and Sitamari are major pockets for Makhana cultivation. The present study was concentrated in four blocks namely Pandaul, Rahika, Kaluahi and Benipatti of the Madhubani district which have the highest area and production. Altogether a total sample size of 100 makhana growers were participated in the study and data were collected with the help of structured schedule taken for study. The result showed that 52 per cent respondent had makhana, fisheries combine with the agriculture as their sources of livelihood and 59 per cent respondents having an annual income of 50, 001-1 lakh. Majority (89%) of makhana growers don't have any loan. 76 per cent of respondents found their earning in tune of 25, 001-50, 000 from makhana while, 61 per cent of selected respondents were found to earn the same amount from fisheries.
Euryale ferox, income and debt status, makhana, socio economic
