Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Aconitum Heterophyllum Extract and Its Antibacterial Evaluation

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were successfully synthesized via an eco-friendly green method using Aconitum heterophyllum extract, which acts as a reducing as well as stabilizing agent. The biosynthesis involved the reaction of copper sulfate with the plant extract in deionized water, forming well-dispersed, uniform, and stable CuNPs. This rapid and cost-effective method is environmentally benign and enhances the functional properties of the nanoparticles. The synthesized CuNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy (revealing a distinct absorption peak), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) for morphological analysis, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) for elemental composition. Antimicrobial tests confirmed the potent antibacterial activity of the CuNPs, demonstrating significant inhibition zones against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. This study highlights A. heterophyllum as a sustainable and effective bioresource for CuNP synthesis with promising applications in nanotechnology, biomedical treatment, and antimicrobial formulations.