Design of a Surface Water Treatment Plant for Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti (Abuad) Community

Water treatment plant is collectively the industrial scale process that makes water more potable or useful by the use of some processes according to the tests and experiments carried out on the water. This project involves the use of surface water. Surface water could be regarded as all inland water permanently or intermittently occurring on the earth surface. The two sources of surface water used are ‘Elemi’ and ‘Ureje’ River. The objectives of this project is to find out the quality of water based on BOD, COD, DO, pH and other water quality parameters, to design a water treatment plant, to do a physical model of the water treatment plant and to provide information for engineers to execute the project. The processes involved in treating the water are; pretreatment, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. The pretreatment stage includes include oxidizing agents for color or tastes and odors, activated carbon for tastes and odors, and aeration for iron or hydrogen sulphide gas. The coagulation stage involves adding certain chemicals, known as coagulants in a rapd mix, while flocculation is slow mix allowing the particles to form floc. In the sedimentation stage, floc particles that have been formed settles to the bottom of the tank as sludge. The filtration process removes particles that have not been removed during the sedimentation process. Lastly, the disinfection process involves the addition of chemicals like chlorine, ozone or chloroamines. Measurements for the each of the tanks containing these processes are given in the appendix. A physical model was done according to the measurements gotten. This design can be adopted by the institution to solve their water problem.