Effect of Left Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis on Intracranial Blood Flow during Orthostatic Stress

In the present work, a blood flow in the left internal carotid artery were modeled considering stenosis at 0%, 25%, 50%, 70% and 75%. Blood flow is supposed to be a Newtonian fluid. In order to reproduce orthostatic stress conditions, inflow velocity in the artery trunk measured at graded lower body negative pressure of-20, -35 and-50 mmHg has been taken. The change in left internal carotid artery blood flow across the different levels of LBNP is due to the level of LBNP during graded orthostatic stress, on the other hand, an increase in velocity magnitude is due to stenosis grade. These findings provide the possibility that posterior cerebral blood flow decreases during severe orthostatic stress, and plaque formation seems to be related to near cero velocity at the end of the stenosis.