Welding Distortion in Joining of Thin Plate of Dissimilar Metal of AISI 304 and Duplex 2205 using GMAW

In automotive industries, thin plates are used for fabrication. During fabrication welding technology is commonly employed because of high productivity. Due to high input energy of welding processes and low stiffness of materials distortion in the material occurs. Distortion in the material can cause some miss-alignment in the mating parts and results in poor quality products. Therefore, prediction and reduction of welding distortion is highly important. In the present work, experimental study on dissimilar materials such as stainless steel 304 and Duplex 2205 is done to find out the distortion of a material during welding process using Gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Effect of CO₂ as a double shielding gas is also discussed in the present work. Parameters selected for this study are current, voltage, flow rate, filler, gas and single or double shielding gas. Taguchi method is used to find out the optimal parameters by using three level of each parameter. From the experimental results it has been concluded that with increase in voltage welding distortion increases. It had also been seen that welding distortion also increases by using CO₂ as outer shielding gas up to a suitable flow rate.