1Dept. of Forestry, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh (492 012), India
2Dept. of Forest Ecology and Environmental Management, Indian Institute of Forest Management, Nehru Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh (462 003), India
*Corresponding Author: Amit Prakash Nayak, e-mail: amit30396@gmail.com
Online published on 22 August, 2022.
Wetlands are shallow to intermittently flooded ecosystems that are commonly known as swamps, bogs, marshes and sedge meadows. Wetlands are sometimes described as “the kidney of the landscape” because they function as the downstream receivers of water and waste from both natural and human sources. Water logging is one of the major problems in wetlands that restrict oxygen movement from the atmosphere to the soil resulting in anaerobic conditions. For such type of conditions, plants and microbial species require special adaptations. This review summarizes a comprehensive overview of distribution, major types of wetlands in global level and in India (including Ramsar Sites of India). It also signifies different plant adaptation mechanisms in these adverse conditions.
Plant adaptation, Ramsar sites, Swamps, Waterlogging
