Biofluid dynamics: Blood flow in arteries and veins

The field of study known as biofluid dynamics may be characterized as the investigation of fluid flow, fluid-structure interaction, and the transport of heat and mass in mammalian systems as well as in medical devices. The flow of blood through the arterial system of the human body may be thought of as a fluid dynamics issue. A deeper insight into the workings of the human body's physiology may be gained through the simulation of blood flow in the arterial network system. Because of this, hemodynamics plays a significant part in the development and progression of arterial stenosis, which ultimately results in dysfunction within the cardiovascular system. Simulation studies of blood flow in a sick condition may rapidly diagnose a health problem and have various applications in fields such as the planning of surgical procedures and the creation of medical equipment. This is one of the many benefits of doing these studies. This paper presents a review on the existing scenario of the simulation studies of blood flow. It begins with a brief overview of the structure and function of arteries and veins, and it is then followed by a discussion on pressure wave propagation, blood flow models, and Fluid Structure Interaction in the arterial system. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion on some potential future directions for these simulation studies. The study of biofluid dynamics is an intriguing topic since it captures the interest of people from a variety of backgrounds, including that of the scientific community and the public.