Global Warming and Carbon Sequestration: Role of Carbonic Anhydarse in Carbon Capturing

Developing countries in the world are in the process of raising their economy and need more energy. As a result the exploitation of fossil fuels, mostly huge coal reserves, is becoming unavoidable, leading to the anthropogenic emission of major greenhouse gases, mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), ozone (O3), and chlorofluorocarbons (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC], 2007). These greenhouse gases are strongly and steadily contributing toward the warming of earth's surface by the absorption of infrared radiations. CO2 is one of the major contributors to the warming of the earth among all the greenhouse gases. Anthropogenic emission of CO2 is continuously rising all over the world. Hence this review is focused on carbon emission and carbon sequestration by microalgae.