Case Control Study: Estimation of Vitamin D Deficiency in Relation to Urinary Stones Formation among Tikritmale Population

Renal stones is a common, highly recurrent disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. The association between vitamin D and calcium stones has often been investigated on the basis of the role of vitamin D in calcium homeostasis. Currently, there is no consensus on the management of vitamin D deficiency in patients with renal calculi, because of controversies about the relationship between vitamin D and calcium stones. However, the vitamin D deficiency is shown to be highly prevalent among kidney stone formers, and some studies found a higher prevalence in stone formers compared with non-stone formers. Mechanism for the association between vitamin D deficiency and calcium-based calculi according to the substantial role of inflammation and oxidative stress in calcium stone formation and also the pro-inflammatory effect of vitamin D deficiency.

Evaluation the relation between vitamin D deficiency and renal stones formation.

This study is case control study performed from the 1^st of November 2018 to 3rd of April 2019. The study included 100 male persons (50 cases of renal stone, and 50 persons control group(free renal stones but shared most other sociodemographic characteristics), sample was selected by convenience sampling method. Serum levels of vitamin D were done for both groups by boditech kit. The test uses competitive immunodetection method.

Results regarding the relation between level of vitamin D and renal stone formation show decrease serum level of vitamin D associated with renal stone (32%) in compare with the serum level of vitamin D in control group (12%), odd ratio (3.5).

The study showed that the frequency of vitamin D deficiency increasing in patients with renal stones. Renal stones formation was more frequent among positive family history cases.