The studies were conducted to evaluate the pastoral agroforestry systems and economic returns from the systems in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. In total 220 farmers were selected randomly by dividing the district into three altitudinal zones namely zone-I (<500 m amsl), zone-II (500–1000 m amsl) and zone-III (>1000 m amsl) for survey and data collection. The data were collected through pre-tested schedule for the purpose through personal interview with the head of each household and field sampling. The study revealed that three pastoral agroforestry system types were prevalent among farmers in three altitudinal zones viz agri-silvi-pastoral, silvi-pastoral, pastoral-silviculture. Bio-economics of the systems was analyzed by calculating the cost of cultivation, gross return per hectare, net return per hectare and benefit-cost ratio.
Pastoral, agroforestry, cost, return, altitudinal zone, farmers
