Evaluation of Morphometric parameters of drainage networks derived from Topographic Map and Digital Elevation Model using Remote Sensing and GIS

This study aims to define the drainage morphometry and the comparison the drainage parameter in between topographic map and SRTM DEM of Usri River, Jharkhand and by using satellite image to evaluate the drainage condition of this river with the help of Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing. Drainage networks for the basin were derived from topographical map (1:1, 00,000) and 10m resolution Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data used for preparing elevation, slope and aspect maps. The study reveals that SRTM DEM and GIS-based approach in evaluation of drainage morphometric parameters and their influence on drainage characteristics. Morphometric parameters were applied to the two types of drainage networks one is derived from topographic map which represent upto 4^th order streams and the second is derived from SRTM DEM which represents the upto 5^th order streams. Low Drainage Density (Dd) value is 1.8 and 3.54 km.km⁻² for the two drainage networks topographic map and DEM respectively) provide Usri basin high permeability and very little water is available for surface runoff. A topographic map shows the Stream Frequency (Fs) value is 3.47 and the DEM shows 9.19. Having relatively high value of DEM is related to impermeable sub-surface material, low infiltration capacity. Bifurcation ratio (Rb) in toposheet map is 1.3 and DEM is 2.59. In this case DEM shows higher value that the Usri river basin is situated on low erodible metamorphic rock. 47 sub basins present periphery of the main basin which will help in further watershed management study.