Identification of QTLs for seed viability in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill]

Soybean seed loses viability rapidly during ambient storage in tropical and sub-tropical climate. Understanding genetic mechanisms would enable enhancing storage life of seeds through breeding approach. In this study, attempt was made to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling viability of seeds using an inter-specific recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and SSR markers. Significant variation was observed among the RILs for seed viability after one and two years of ambient storage. RILs with more than 90% seed viability after two years of storage were identified. Genetic polymorphism among the RILs was very high (52.9%). Two QTLs viz., qSv2.1 and qSv14.1 were mapped on Chromosomes, 2 and 14 after one year of storage that explained 10.65% and 5.35% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Two more QTLs viz., qSv2-1 and qSv14-1 were mapped for seed viability after two years of storage of which qSv2.1 (PVE=6.0%) was consistent and the qSv14.1 (PVE=8%) was novel. QTL and linked markers identified in the study would be useful in soybean breeding for enhancing seed viability during ambient storage.